Spectral study (FTIR, UV-Vis) of montmorillonite modified by ultrasound and potassium cations

This paper presented the spectral study (FTIR, UV-Vis) for samples of non-activated bentonite (calcium) which has in its composition a main mineral resource, montmorillonite (MMT). MMT, as a component which contains calcium ions (Ca-MMT, was modified physically and chemically. The process of physical activations was initiated by an ultrasound field (40 kHz) with the use of a modificator in the form of potassium carbonate with an activation time of 1 h. To measure the efficiency of the modification for modified physically and chemically samples of montmorillonite (K-MMT) in bentonite there was performed a cycle of test including structural (FITR) and spectrofotometric (UV-Vis) analysis. It was stated that the type and method of making the modification including change of time in which physical factors are influencing the non-activated bentonite influences on the change of ion exchange of montmorillonite (CEC). Both modified physically (ultrasound) and chemically (potassium cations) MMT in calcium bentonite exhibits CEC on a slightly lower level than CEC used in the moulding sand technology of sodium bentonite. Modified MMT can be therefore used as an alternative material for green sand.

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